Wiring

Wiring is how bonsai growers move branches and trunks into position rather than waiting years for natural growth to create the shape they want. Wire is coiled around a branch at a consistent angle, then the branch is bent by hand into place, where the wire holds it until the wood sets in its new position.

Aluminum wire is the more common choice for most hobbyists because it is soft, forgiving and easy to remove, while copper wire holds a bend more firmly and is often preferred for conifers and more advanced styling where extra holding power matters. Wire gauge is chosen based on branch thickness, and wiring two branches together with wire crossing between them can save wire and add stability on thin, flexible growth.

Timing matters as much as technique, since wire left on too long bites into the bark and leaves permanent scars as the branch thickens. Checking wired branches regularly, especially during a strong growing season, and removing or rewiring before the wire cuts in are the main things that separate clean styling work from a tree covered in old wire scars.